Archaeological Site of Artemision
In the area of Artemisium, in addition to the sanctuary of Artemis Prosioas, located near the beach and directly connected with the battle of 480 BC, and developed various settlements, which have not been systematically investigated by archaeologists. In the northeastern edge of the plain rises Istieas Windmills of the low hill, on which were Neolithic, Greece and geometric shells, showing the habitation in the area until the Geometric period (7th century BC.). On another hill, called Paleokastro, near Cape Artemisium and the small village of Gouves Castri, there are few remains of walls, while ceramic identify the human presence there from the Early Helladic (2800-2000 BC) until Roman times . On another hill, Paleokastro Royal, must have been an ancient settlement, the remains of which, however, have largely lithologithei. In place of Greek, at the northeast corner of Evia, is believed to have developed the most significant culture of the area of Artemisium. In a small peninsula called Heronissos (Peninsula or Choironisi) remains of walls, but walls and ruins of buildings and other structures. The configuration of the coastline in this position creates a natural and safe anchorage, an important element for establishing settlement. The examination of the masonry architectural relics dating to the classical-Hellenistic period, and according to the pottery space should be occupied by the prehistoric to Roman times. South of Cheronissos and within 1 mm is Kastradaki the hill, on which there is still an unexplored archaeological site of Evia. This position fortified by impressive walls of limestone, which in some places preserved to a height of 3 m and an initial review date to the sixth century. BC Between this hill and coast oxypythmenon amphorae fragments distinguished in the fields, indicating that probably existed in this workshop such vessels. From their comparison with known amphorae of this type are similar to those produced in the laboratories of Skopelos and Alonissos in the 5th and 4th centuries. BC On a hill west of Cheronissos in place Perivolakia have detected traces of a farmhouse, dating from the Classical to the Roman period.
History
At the northern tip of Euboea, opposite Mount Pelion, is the Cape Artemisium, the famous naval battle between Greeks and Persians in August of 480 BC The cape was named by the sanctuary of Artemis Prosioas, which was parked on the beach where the Greek fleet during the battle. The central location of the area, which controls the entrance from the open Aegean Pagasitikos, Maliakos and northern Euboean Gulf to Chalcis, led largely to growth in antiquity. As it has not been carried out substantial excavations, information on the area due primarily to the identification of visible relics, antiquities and traditions in the few literary references, which refer only to the sanctuary of Artemis and the battle of 480 BC . Important elements for the region and gives an inscription of Artemisium, which lists the names Euboean 17 municipalities, of which, however, none has yet been identified with a specific position in northern Euboea. Of the various surface findings concluded that the residential area of Artemisium goes back to the Neolithic period (ca. 4000 BC). At low hill Windmills have been found fragments of Neolithic, Greece and geometric pottery. In historical times the area of Greek seemed to be important, as the surface architectural remains indicate the existence of a settlement of the archaic and classical period. It is obvious that the residential area of Artemisium was concentrated on the coast, while the classical-Hellenistic period and developed settlements in positions more or less favorable for the anchorage of ships. These two small towns, which was encircled, and were probably part of a wider network of coastal forts, which aimed to control the sea routes in the area. Such a network may be created by the Athenians after the defection of Istiaia in 446 BC the Delian League and Athenian colonists installed in the center with Oreos. But it is probably generated in the late fourth and third centuries. BC during the wars of the Successors of Alexander the Great for control of southern Greece. The area began to decline in the Roman period, as shown by the findings, which are now sporadic and limited.
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ΙΑ΄ Εφορεία Προϊστορικών και Κλασικών Αρχαιοτήτων
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